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Plus: A history of Fed chairs, and the presidents who seek to influence them 
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Hey, hope you’ve had a great week.

The country is starting to thaw from last week’s huge snowstorms and bitter arctic chill, and plenty of parents are getting caught up on work they missed with little ones home. We talked with those parents in today’s newsletter, and we’ll take a closer look at Super Bowl ads and chicken wing inflation ahead of a big sports weekend. All that and more — Money secrets! Budget-conscious Valentine’s candy! — down below.

First though, we must talk about the Trump administration. The country could have a new head of monetary policy in just a couple months, so let’s look back on the history of Federal Reserve chairs, and the presidents who seek to influence them.

— Tony Wagner, newsletter editor

Fed Chair Paul Volcker reads a newspaper before a hearing in 1980.
Federal Reserve Chairman Paul Volcker, circa 1980. (James K. W. Atherton/The Washington Post via Getty Images)
A pocket history of Fed chairs, and the presidents who appoint them
Presidents have historically tried to make their mark on the economy through the central bankers they appoint, but this time is different. Marketplace’s Kai Ryssdal reports.

After months of speculation about who will replace Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell when his term expires in May, President Donald Trump announced last week that he was nominating former Fed Governor Kevin Warsh for the role. 

If confirmed, Warsh would become the 17th chair of the U.S. central bank, which is one of the most influential economic policy positions in the world. 

President Trump has made it clear that he wants the Federal Reserve to lower interest rates. He has also taken unprecedented steps to exert pressure on the agency, such as repeatedly threatening to fire Jerome Powell and attempting to remove Federal Reserve Governor Lisa Cook from her post. Just last month, the Trump administration’s Department of Justice launched a criminal investigation of Jerome Powell, marking the first time in history a sitting Fed chair has been the subject of such a probe. 

“We've never seen anything like what Donald Trump has done in the previous year to the Federal Reserve,” said Peter Conti-Brown, an associate professor of financial regulation at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. “And therefore, we've never seen anything like a nomination coming out of the context of this assault.”

As we’ve covered on “Marketplace,” Federal Reserve independence is a key tenant of U.S. central banking. But there is a long history of presidents trying to make their mark on the economy through their selection of new Fed chairs. 

“One of the most significant examples of a new Fed Chair being chosen by the president, and marking sort of a dramatic shift in Fed policy, is President Nixon's choice of Arthur Burns,” said Eric Hilt, professor of economics at Wellesley College.

“Arthur Burns was someone who had known President Nixon through various phases of his career,” said Jennifer Burns, a professor of history at Stanford University. 

Burns became Fed chair in 1970. By 1974, the interest rate was 11% . But Nixon put pressure on Burns to keep interest rates low.

“Which had the unfortunate effect of really helping inflation become more entrenched in the economy and more sustained,” said Jennifer Burns. 

It took a new Fed Chair, Paul Volcker, to take those painful steps of hiking interest rates to 20% to get inflation back down. 

Other presidents have walked right up to the line.

READ MORE


 
Stories for the weekend

Elsewhere in the Trump administration

  • SNAP benefits are changing, fast. Now more recipients, including folks nearing retirement age and homeless people, will need to prove they meet work requirements to get food aid.

  • After brutal cuts, the Internal Revenue Service is struggling to staff up for this tax season. The agency is reportedly reassigning HR and IT workers to take on tax tasks.

  • In an interview on NBC, Trump said the Fed is independent “in theory,” and repeated many familiar lies about the state of the economy. Here’s a fact-check.

  • How does the Trump administration set tariffs (or its many tariff threats)? You’ve always wondered, and so did we. Here’s what we found out.

The wide world of sports

  • Tonight’s the opening ceremony of the Winter Olympics in Milan, and Sunday’s the Super Bowl. Expect ads airing in both to be star-heavy and politics-light.

  • Super Bowl spending is expected to surpass $20 billion this year. How’s inflation hitting beer and wings?

  • Our podcast “Make Me Smart” spoke with figure skating commentator Jackie Wong about the “quad god,” backflips and the high cost of becoming a world-class figure skater.

Your money

  • New research found financial strain may be an early warning sign of dementia — before doctors or families start noticing symptoms.

  • “Buy now, pay later” has come for rent. Experts are nervous.

  • One study found consumers would be willing to spend an extra $1,100 on a $20,000 car if they could skip the negotiation. Here’s how to haggle with a bit more confidence.
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A child works at a computer.
The reporter's seven-year-old son attends virtual school during a snow day in Baltimore. (Stephanie Hughes/Marketplace)
What do snow days cost parents?
Just time, money and a bit of sanity as they try to work with kids at home. Marketplace’s Stephanie Hughes has some firsthand experience, and she filed this report.

This week, I’ve been referring to my seven year old, William, as “my assistant.” That’s because he’s been around a lot as I do my job.

“You know how to find those letters so fast,” he said, as I typed in my password. 

Baltimore, where I live, was hit by about a foot of snow last weekend, part of the giant storm that hit a huge chunk of the continental U.S. Public schools here have been closed all week. My husband and I split up child care and have tried to do our jobs with the kids around. (It was mostly Will. Our seven-month-old goes to day care, which was open most of the week.) I’m one of the lucky ones: I can work from home. But for working parents, snow days become this jumble of work and parenting where you feel like you do nothing well. That means trying to do two full-time jobs at once comes with all sorts of costs.

“It's been a bad week. I would say it's been a comically bad week,” said Matthew Johnson, a father of three based in Washington, D.C. He manages a team of developers for a tech company, and his wife works in data visualization. When D.C. public schools were closed earlier this week, they took turns working and caring for their children, which meant taking paid time off.

“We're just burning through PTO while at the same time putting in hours to work to just try to keep — not even the ship running, but just making sure the ship doesn't sink,” he said. 

They’re still paying for child care, even though they weren’t able to access it much of the week. Johnson said there’s an emotional toll, too.

“I love my kids, but it is such a constant-ness that it burns through my patience,” said Johnson. “I find myself getting shorter and shorter with the kids, so there’s a mental cost.” 

READ MORE
A hand covers the PIN pad on an ATM.
The reporter's seven-year-old son attends virtual school during a snow day in Baltimore. (Stephanie Hughes/Marketplace)
Is it okay to keep money secrets in a relationship?
Our podcast “This Is Uncomfortable” asked a couples counselor … and a divorce attorney.

How much do you share with your partner about your finances?

Sometimes, a little privacy starts to look a lot like a secret. And secrets can turn into big problems, especially when it comes to money. “This Is Uncomfortable” host Reema Khrais explored this slippery slope on this week’s episode of our podcast about life and how money messes with it. Here’s what she found: 

Trust is the foundation: Couples therapist Jeff Guenther said he often talks with couples not about money, but their feelings around it, and how they communicate with each other. 

He suggests this big question to start: “How can I have a conversation with you or a feeling of safety in this relationship, so that I don't feel judged and criticized and condescended and looked down upon?”

Financial distrust often comes from past trauma: Once you’ve established that base of trust, you can start investigating where negative associations around money come from.

“Typically when somebody is feeling betrayed because their partner isn't being financially transparent, 9 times out of 10, it's because of financial trauma,” Guenther said. “And so we need to be able to hold the space to be non-judgmental and understanding and curious and compassionate about where the financial trauma comes from so that it can be healed.”

Think about the flip side: Honesty and morality come up a lot in this conversation, but what about privacy? How much can we expect in our relationships?

“Do we really expect complete transparency? How many spouses do you know that'll be totally 100% comfortable handing their phone to their spouse and saying, ‘Go ahead, scroll through my texts, my posts, my DMs,’” said divorce lawyer Randy Kessler “Everything's a matter of degree, but certainly there's some things you wanna keep private, you wanna write in your diary, you wanna go to a therapist where you can talk freely.”

HEAR MORE
 
ICYMI: Your picks

Here are the stories readers clicked on the most in our Daily Wrap newsletter this week. Sign up to get the latest news and numbers in your inbox every weekday evening.

  • Marketplace’s weekly news quiz! Test your knowledge and compare to other Marketplace fans.

  • Productivity's growing. The economy's missing out on some of the benefits. (Marketplace)

  • Labor market appears OK, but it's hard to be sure without jobs data (Marketplace)

  • Musk’s SpaceX Combines With xAI at $1.25 Trillion Valuation (Bloomberg, gift link)

  • Humanizing the machines: Companies design robots to look friendlier (Semafor)
 
SONG OF THE WEEK
"PoP! Goes My Heart" by PoP! (aka Hugh Grant)
A still from
Listen to "PoP! Goes My Heart" on Spotify | Apple Music | YouTube (Image credits: Warner Bros., Spangler Candy Company)

Got Valentine’s plans? How about “BUY N BULK,” then “COOK FOR 2”?

Sweethearts announced it’s mixing “love in this economy” messages in with its usual assortment this year. The chalky, heart-shaped candies will bear slogans like “SPLIT RENT,” “CAR POOL” and other slogans maker Spangler Candy Company says reflect its cost-conscious customer base.

If a conversation heart won’t convince your crush to “SHARE LOGN” to stream “Music & Lyrics,” the rom-com that brought us this song, I’m not sure what will. 
A banner ad for a custom public media trip: Medici's Italy with Marketplace's David Brancaccio, Oct 23-30. Click to learn more.
 
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