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Hello! Hope you had a great week.

We try to keep the jargon to a minimum here at Marketplace, but every once in a while a word like “disinflation” (not to be confused with “deflation”) just can’t be avoided. Today we’re getting a bit meta, with a pocket history of weird economic vocab.

Plus, we’ll answer your toughest questions about office culture, define “ fashiontainment” and take stock of the national debt one year into President Donald Trump’s second term. First though, my colleague Elizabeth Trovall reports on a growing industry severely hampered by the White House’s immigration crackdown: Retirement homes.  — Tony Wagner, newsletter editor
A man in a work uniform rolls a cart full of garbage bags.
Richard, 30, fled gang violence in Haiti a few years ago. He's been studying to become a licensed practical nurse while working at a Florida nursing home. (Elizabeth Trovall/Marketplace)
Without temporary protected status, the elder care industry will lose critical Haitian staff
Staffing shortages are likely to intensify as the Trump administration ends a program that gave 350,000 Haitians the right to live and work in the United States.

Every day at the Sinai Residences retirement community in Boca Raton, Florida, is choose-your-own-adventure — there are fancy movie theatres, game rooms and in-house restaurants.

“We have a full gym, fitness classes throughout the day. Just like being on a cruise, the calendar is never ending,” said Christian Keys, vice president of culinary services.

The atmosphere is cheery. Residents and staff wave and say “hi” as they pass each other in the halls.

“Everyone that works here, they've got a smile on their face. They're like family,” said Murray Rubin, a 92-year-old resident who counts these years as the best of his life.

When his wife of 69 years died almost two years ago, “The warmth and the empathy that the … staff showed, [they’d] come and ask you if there's anything they could do for me. You know, you can't put dollars on that,” he said.

Around 70% of the 450 workers here at Sinai Residences are foreign born — many are Haitian. Twenty-six of them are expected to lose their Temporary Protected Status under recent moves by the Trump administration. Without TPS, these Haitians will no longer have the right to work and live legally in the United States.

Rubin worries what happens to these workers when they’re forced to leave.

“They’re wonderful people and they don’t deserve that,” he said.

The Trump administration’s immigration policies, including its move to end TPS for Haitians and other nationalities, is making the aging care workforce smaller despite a growing demographic challenge: As baby boomers age, the U.S. is going to look more and more like Florida and elder care facilities will be in higher demand.

Unless a federal court intervenes, TPS will end Feb. 3 for around 350,000 Haitians, despite many of them working critical health care jobs across the country, including many in-demand positions in aging care facilities.

At Sinai Residences in South Florida, certified nursing assistant Mary is one of the 26 Haitian workers who is likely to lose her Temporary Protected Status. Marketplace isn’t using her real name because of her immigration situation.

“I like to care for people, [especially] the elderly people,” Mary said. “Sometimes, when you finish, like, even they have BM, then you finish, clean them, they say, ‘Oh, thank you.’ But, I'm happy.”

Mary earns around $40,000 a year at this high-touch job where she helps people stay clean and comfortable.

“This is the way I pay my bills,” she said, “so it's not hard for me.”

Mary’s salary helps her take care of her dad who has cancer back in Haiti and her four children who are U.S. citizens. She’s lived in the U.S. for two decades.

She said she’s been sick with nerves thinking about how she’s going to pay the bills come February, if she loses her work permit.

“I don't know what I can do,” she said. “I pray God do something for us … because it's really hard. When you got four kids, you can’t drive … and then you can’t work to give them food … so it's really hard,” she said.

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Stories for the weekend

Your money

  • The start of tax season next week means individuals and businesses may start seeing benefits from the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, but the economic lift may be short-lived. (The debt will stick around, however, keep reading for more on that.)

  • President Donald Trump has thrown out a bunch of ideas to make homebuying more affordable. Experts say most of these proposals only subsidize supply without meeting demand.

  • Trump has also pressed credit card companies to cap interest rates at 10%. How would that even work?

  • In tough times, consumers tend to buy up small luxuries. You might call it little treat culture; economists call it the “lipstick effect.”

Work/life balance

  • On the latest episode of our podcast “This Is Uncomfortable,” we took listener questions about awkward work situations. Questions like, “What if my coworker wants my spare house key?”

  • The share of U.S. workers using artificial intelligence is growing ( whether it saves them any time is a separate question ). Here are several ways real workers say they’re outsourcing tedious tasks to tech. 

  • Trend alert? Some singles are screening prospective dates on Linkedin. 
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A close-up photo of a dictionary shows the definition of
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A pocket history of weird economics terms
Why do we use words like “natural” in economics? Or what about the word “utility”? Marketplace’s Sean McHenry traced the answer all the way back to the 18th century.

Economic lingo is a little weird. There are the words we use all the time, like “inflation” and “growth,” but then what about terms like “disinflation” or “soft landing”? To really understand where the language (and style) comes from, it helps to ask the folks who have authority on economic terminology, like the editors behind the “ New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics.”

“It's really an encyclopedia,” said Matías Vernengo at Bucknell University. “But economists are not good with language, and we call it a dictionary.”

Vernengo is one of the latest in a line of editors who have been putting the dictionary together. Originally published in 1894 as "Palgrave’s Dictionary of Political Economy ,” many editions of the book have been released over the last century, with the latest in 2018. According to the publisher, it now includes some 3,000 chapters representing several centuries’ worth of economic thinking, including the Scottish economist who is the first stop on this vocab journey: Adam Smith.

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ICYMI: Your picks
Here are the stories readers clicked on the most in our Daily Wrap newsletter this week. Sign upto get the latest news and numbers in your inbox every weekday evening.
  • To be young and dreaming of a 9 to 5 (Marketplace)

  • Europe could use trade "bazooka" option over proposed U.S. tariffs (Marketplace)

  • 220,000 Fewer Workers: How Trump’s Cuts Affected Every Federal Agency (The New York Times, gift link) 

  • We Went Shopping for the $3 Dinner—and Actually Found It (Wall Street Journal, gift link)

  • New trade deals show the global economy is realigning without the U.S. (Marketplace)
President Donald Trump holds a gavel while signing the One Big Beautiful Bill Act
Brendan Smialowski/AFP via Getty Images
Trump’s tax cuts added trillions to the national debt
In her weekly column “I’ve Always Wondered,” Janet Nguyen answers your questions about business and the economy. For the first anniversary of Donald Trump’s second nomination, Janet did the numbers on Trump’s signature legislation.

The price tag for the One Big Beautiful Bill Act: an estimated $3.4 trillion to $4.5 trillion in additional debt over the next decade.

The sweeping legislation, which passed in July, renewed the 2017 tax cuts for individuals and granted additional tax breaks, including temporary provisions that allow workers to deduct tips and overtime pay up to a certain amount on their federal income taxes. 

These new and extended tax breaks alone will cost an estimated $4.5 trillion over the next decade, according to estimates put forth by the Congressional Budget Office and the Joint Committee on Taxation. The massive bill also includes major expenses for increased immigration enforcement and border security, raising the deficit by $175 billion over 10 years. The deficit is the annual difference between the amount the government spends and the amount of revenue the government rakes in, while the national debt is the cumulative total of all past deficits and surpluses.

The bill does entail tax policies that will reduce the deficit. For example, it repeals clean energy tax credits that were implemented under the Biden administration’s Inflation Reduction Act, a move that will decrease the deficit by $543 billion.

But scaling back some tax provisions and reducing expenditures on benefits like the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) won’t be enough to compensate for the total cost of the bill. Those trillions of dollars will be added to the total national debt, which has hit $38 trillion. 

That $3 trillion to $4 trillion is “a lot of money,” said Joe Rosenberg, a senior fellow at the Urban-Brookings Tax Policy Center, a nonpartisan think tank. 

For scale, that’s close to the $5 trillion in total revenue the government collected in 2025, Rosenberg noted. 
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SONG OF THE WEEK
"Fashion Killa" by A$AP Rocky
The cover art for the
Listen to "Fashion Killa" on Spotify | Apple Music | YouTube

Fresh off a remarkable comeback, Gap coined a new term this week: “fashiontainment.”

The mall brand just recruited former Paramount exec Pam Kaufman as its brand-new “chief entertainment officer.” Experts told my colleague Kristin Schwab that’s a fancy title to formalize what Gap has been doing already.

The retailer, which also owns the labels Old Navy, Athleta and Banana Republic, has found success with musical celebrity collaborations, like Katseye dancing to Kelis’ “Milkshake” in a jeans commercial.

These campaigns tend to look like music videos, and they harken back to Gap’s heyday; Remember when the robots of Daft Punk were dancing in relaxed denim?

This new job could mean Gap expands this old idea to new venues like music festivals, said Paul Hardart, who heads the entertainment, media and technology program at NYU Stern. Think Red Bull’s extreme sports and stunts.

“People are increasingly wary of advertising,” Hardart said. “And the blurred lines between content and advertising are more and more important.”

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