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Plus: “Kidulting” and Generals Electric, Motors and Mills. 
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Hello, hope you’ve had a great week.
 
This newsletter is all about oddities in the margins of big business: Costly health care errors and the folks who catch them, adults propping up the toy industry, why vinyl records and streaming music sound different, and the 19th century branding trends we’re stuck with today.
 
We’ll also run down some of the most-read Marketplace stories of the week and interesting looks of local economies around the country. Thanks for reading!  — Tony Wagner, newsletter editor
A photo illustration showing medical bills.
Getty Images
Catching errors by insurers is a growing industry
Employers are turning to independent companies to catch medical billing mistakes and recover their money. Alexandra Olgin reports
Most employers, two-thirds, pay their own healthcare bills. They just hire insurers to do the logistics. They expect insurers to check claims to find mistakes and overpayments. But it’s not their money, and there’s no incentive to closely monitor the dollars.

That’s where so-called payment integrity companies come in. The mistakes they find are saving employers anywhere from 5% to 15% of their annual healthcare spend.

It’s a well-accepted fact that many medical bills have errors, and employers expect that the insurers they pay to run their health plan would catch them. Turns out that’s a bad assumption, said Joanne Hinton. She ran health benefits for the 12,000 Fort Worth employees, family members and retirees in Texas until April.

“I think we were ignorant,” Hinton said, “It's kind of the: what you don't know, that you don’t know.”

In 2017, Hinton found that Aetna, the city’s insurer, double-paid a $450,000 medical claim. “We were fighting them, because why did you pay this twice?” Hinton said, “That's our money. Get it back.”

She wondered how many other mistakes Aetna was making and how much it was costing Fort Worth.

“Any dollar that we spend on healthcare is a dollar we are not spending on roads, traffic lights, firefighters, parks,” Hinton said. “It's really important for us as a governmental entity to make sure that we are spending the money correctly.”
READ MORE


 
Your weekend catch-up
Local economies
  • After Maryland was hit hard by federal layoffs last year, one Baltimore resident created a club where members redistribute income to help each other get by. 

  • California voters will decide this November whether to impose a one-time wealth tax on the state's richest residents to offset Medicaid cuts.

  • Big banks are spending hundreds of millions creating “Y’all Street,” a Dallas-based financial center to rival New York.

  • Peaches pay the bills for Western Colorado farmers, but prolonged drought means they might run out of irrigation water before this year’s harvest is over.
Tech
  • The song “Rubberz” has been kicking around the Hot 100 all summer, dogged by allegations it was created with generative AI. Record labels recently proposed new guidelines for AI music, including conditions for songs to chart.
     
  • Uber says it approaches sexual assault complaints with respect for the accuser, but a New York Times investigation found the company’s lawyers probe survivors about their drinking, sexual history and what they were wearing during the ride.

  • In Utah, artificial intelligence is helping eligible job seekers get their criminal records expunged. Many more states have clean slate laws, and speeding up the processes could unlock broad economic benefits.
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LET'S GO
Scores of Labubus at an exhibit
Kristin Schwab/Marketplace
Adults are spending big on toys
Marketplace’s Kristin Schwab reports "kidulting" is fueling growth in the toy market.
To the uninitiated, a Labubu is kind of a hard thing to explain. The figurine — a creature with pointy ears and mischievous grin — is part bag charm, part collectible, part fashion trend.

“I saw it online and I was like, ‘Oh my god. What is this?’ Almost was, like, is this supposed to be something cute?” said 27-year-old collector Douglas Estelle. “You know what I mean. I was like, ‘Oh my god it’s, like, adorable.’”

Estelle spent $100 to get into Pop Mart’s “The Monsters 10th Anniversary World Tour ” in New York City. The exhibit is full of Labubu sketches, videos and rare collectibles.

“I have all the pendants, all the plushes. I love the plushes, they’re like my everything,” said Estelle, who’s spent more than $2,000 collecting a few hundred Labubu dolls, including oversized versions, which can stand as tall as five feet. “Labubu is always there for me. I love her so much.”

Despite worries about the rising cost of living, people are pouring money into discretionary spending like toys. Consumers 18 and older accounted for 35% of the toy industry’s growth in the first four months of this year, according to a recent report by market research firm Circana. Toys have become so popular for adults that the industry has come up with a new term for it: kidulting.

“I did not coin this phrase, by the way,” said Brian Spaid, a marketing professor at Marquette University who researches collecting. “This is really about people giving themselves permission to kinda get in touch with their inner child, go back to their childhood, enjoy the things that they enjoyed as kids.”
READ MORE
 
ICYMI: Your picks
Here are the stories readers clicked on the most in our Daily Wrap newsletter this week. Sign up to get the latest news and numbers in your inbox every weekday evening.

  • "Never would have expected to be here": Young Mainers consider the lobster
  • Should you still be worried about getting cyclospora?
  • How small- and medium-sized firms are navigating this labor market moment
  • Why you should care about CEOs' confidence in the economy
  • Why the U.S. spent billions to prop up the Japanese yen
Two men talk at the General Electric booth during a college career fair in the middle of the 20th century.
Delaware State University via Getty Images
Why did so many legacy companies use the word "general"?
A listener wanted to know why General Motors, General Electric and General Mills are called that. Marketplace’s Janet Nguyen asked around.
The modern business landscape often prizes wacky, unusual names and will accept — even embrace — misspellings. Think Google, Crumbl Cookies and Poppi. But in the late 19th century and early 20th centuries, it was actually a virtue to be as plain as possible.

Marketplace spoke to U.S. business historians and economists who, overall, say they're not aware of why exactly companies like General Mills and General Electric chose the word "general."

But they offered several theories for why they may have chosen the term. The naming convention simply could've become the norm for major corporations who wanted to shake off their regional identities after a merger. Companies could have also chosen general terms because they wanted to distance themselves from their rich owners at a time when there were extreme wealth disparities in America. Or they may have wanted to signal how much potential the company had.

Jennifer Black, a historian, said she thinks the term wasn't a "deliberate branding choice," but a cultural trope that arose out of the merger movement in the 1890s.

"In the 1890s, you really see a consolidation of companies in the United States, with several mergers happening across the board," said Black, who's a professor at Misericordia University and the author of the book "Branding Trust: Advertising and Trademarks in Nineteenth-Century America."

It occurred in a variety of industries, but many of these mergers were happening in "corporate, consumer-oriented industries," Black explained. 

Let’s run them down.
READ MORE
 
SONG OF THE WEEK
"No One Lasts Forever Featuring David Cronenberg" by Charli xcx
The packaging for a blue vinyl version of

Listen to "No One Lasts Forever Featuring David Cronenberg" on YouTube | Apple Music | Spotify
 
When streaming has made music effectively free, and the cost of touring is up, how are artists supposed to make a living?
 
The biggest pop stars produce multiple special edition vinyl records with alternate album art, cool colors and bonus material. Fans will often snap up multiple copies, subsidizing all us casuals. One problem: The albums aren’t always done by the time the records need to be pressed, so the “real” album is only available on streaming services, which can push out releases on short notice. 
 
Olivia Rodrigo and Raye shipped incomplete records to fans earlier this year, the Guardian reports, and Charli xcx’s “Music, Fashion, Film” is the latest album to be reshaped by the shortened streaming timeline.
 
The album closes with a spoken word outro from horror legend David Cronenberg . It’s a hypnotic, moving monologue about art and death, that wraps together some of the album’s themes, but because it was recorded after the vinyl due date, it’s only available digitally.


 
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